Living Rock

Pleiospilos bolusii

Also called African living rock, Mimicry plant.

One or two pairs of thick, speckled leaves that look like a split stone. A tougher, chunkier cousin of living stones.

  • LightFull sun (3 of 3)
  • WaterLow (1 of 3)
  • For the curious
  • Pet-safe
A potted living rock with several thick, flat-topped, grey-green leaves covered in tiny darker dots.
Photo: Hugo Riquelme Ortega on Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP.

Key facts

Light
Full sunSeveral hours of direct sun. A sunny south-facing sill (north-facing in the Southern Hemisphere) or a strong grow light. In dim light the leaves stretch and lose their stone shape.
Water
Very little. Water deeply in spring and autumn when the leaves look slightly soft, then let the soil dry right out. Keep it almost dry in summer heat and in winter.
Soil
Very gritty, fast-draining mix (mostly pumice, grit or similar) in a pot at least 4 in (10 cm) deep for its long root.
Pets
Pet-safeNon-toxic to cats, dogs and horses (ASPCA, listed as "living rock cactus", Pleiospilos bolusii). The ASPCA doesn't list the similar split rock, Pleiospilos nelii.
Difficulty
For the curious

More details

Temperature
Keep above 40°F (4°C). Not frost hardy.
Growing season
Grows in spring and autumn. Rests in summer heat. A new pair of leaves forms in winter.
Size
About 3 in (8 cm) tall and up to 6 in (15 cm) wide.
Propagate from
Seed, Division (slow)
Native to
The Karoo in the Eastern and Western Cape of South Africa.

Why people love it

Living rock looks like a stone that has cracked in two. Each pair of leaves is thick, rough and speckled, so it blends in with the rocks where it grows. Once a year, a new pair of leaves grows out of the crack. When it’s happy, large yellow, daisy-like flowers can open between the leaves, often as wide as the plant itself.

It isn’t a cactus, even though the ASPCA calls it a “living rock cactus”. It belongs to the same family as living stones and the ice plant.

Care in a nutshell

  • Sun, and lots of it. Give it your brightest window or a grow light.
  • Water rarely, and only while it’s growing. In spring and autumn, water deeply when the leaves feel a little soft. Then wait until the soil is completely dry.
  • Leave it alone while the leaves change. The new pair grows from the stored water in the old pair. Extra water now often makes the old leaves swell, split or rot.
  • A deep pot with a drainage hole. It has a long root and hates wet soil.

The yearly leaf change

  1. In winter, a new pair of leaves appears in the crack between the old ones.
  2. Over the next months, the old pair slowly shrinks and wrinkles as the new pair uses up its water.
  3. By summer, the old leaves are dry and papery. Leave them on until they pull away easily.

A healthy plant usually has one or two pairs of leaves. Three or more pairs, or old leaves that stay plump, are a sign of too much water.

Watch out for

  • Split, cracked or mushy leaves: too much water, especially during the leaf change. Let it dry out completely.
  • Tall, pale or floppy leaves: not enough light.
  • Deep wrinkles in the growing season: it’s thirsty. Water deeply once, then let it dry again. Some wrinkling during the leaf change is normal.

Fun fact: Pleiospilos comes from Greek words meaning “many spots”. Look closely and you’ll see the leaves are covered in tiny dark dots.

Next steps

Learn the basics behind this care card, or check a problem.